:root {
  --paper: #ffffff;
  --ink: #0b1528; /* Deep Midnight Navy Blue instead of black */
  --ink-secondary: #1d2c46;
  --ink-soft: #445672;
  --muted: #6e7f99;
  --line: #dfe5ee;
  --line-light: #eff3f8;
  --accent: #0b1528;
  --gold: #9e8250;
  
  --serif-display: "Cormorant Garamond", "Garamond", "Georgia", serif;
  --serif-body: "Newsreader", "Garamond", "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, Georgia, serif;
  --sans: "Plus Jakarta Sans", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Arial, sans-serif;
  
  --article-width: 680px;
}

* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink);
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--serif-body);
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
}

img {
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  display: block;
}

::selection {
  background: #dce7f5;
  color: var(--ink);
}

/* READING PROGRESS BAR */
.reading-progress {
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0 0 auto 0;
  z-index: 1000;
  height: 2px;
  background: transparent;
}
.reading-progress span {
  display: block;
  width: 0;
  height: 100%;
  background: var(--ink);
  transition: width 90ms linear;
}

/* =========================================================
   REFINED MASTHEAD & HEADER
   ========================================================= */
.site-header {
  width: 100%;
  background: #ffffff;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
  position: relative;
  z-index: 100;
}

.header-inner {
  max-width: 1280px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 24px 28px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
}

.brand {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--serif-display);
  font-size: clamp(2.4rem, 4.5vw, 3.5rem);
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.26em;
  line-height: 1;
  text-decoration: none;
  display: inline-block;
  transform: translateX(0.13em); /* Optical centering for tracked text */
  transition: opacity 160ms ease;
}

.brand:hover {
  opacity: 0.85;
}

/* =========================================================
   ARTICLE SHELL & STRICT LEFT-ALIGNED LAYOUT
   ========================================================= */
main {
  width: 100%;
  padding: 0;
  background: #ffffff;
}

.article-shell {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: var(--article-width);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 44px 20px 96px;
  text-align: left; /* STRICT LEFT ALIGNMENT */
}

/* Article Header: Left-Aligned */
.article-header {
  text-align: left;
  margin-bottom: 32px;
}

.article-breadcrumb {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.18em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}

.article-breadcrumb a {
  color: var(--ink);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.article-breadcrumb a:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.crumb-separator {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.7rem;
}

/* Hero Headline */
.hero-title {
  margin: 0 0 20px 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--serif-display);
  font-size: clamp(2.4rem, 5vw, 3.8rem);
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1.08;
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
  text-align: left; /* STRICT LEFT ALIGNMENT */
}

/* Hero Subtitle / Standfirst */
.hero-deck {
  margin: 0 0 28px 0;
  color: var(--ink-secondary);
  font-family: var(--serif-body);
  font-size: clamp(1.2rem, 1.8vw, 1.42rem);
  font-weight: 400;
  font-style: italic;
  line-height: 1.48;
  text-align: left; /* STRICT LEFT ALIGNMENT */
}

/* Editorial Byline Block */
.editorial-meta-block {
  padding-top: 18px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--ink);
  margin-bottom: 28px;
  text-align: left;
}

.meta-author-row {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}

.meta-author strong {
  font-weight: 700;
}

.meta-bullet {
  margin: 0 6px;
  color: #b5b5b5;
}

.meta-title {
  color: var(--muted);
}

.meta-details-row {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.74rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}

.reading-estimate {
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
}

/* Share Toolbar */
.article-share-toolbar {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 14px;
  padding-top: 14px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.share-label {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.65rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.16em;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.share-actions {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
}

.share-btn {
  width: 32px;
  height: 32px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: #ffffff;
  color: var(--ink);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: 0;
  transition: all 140ms ease;
}

.share-btn:hover {
  background: var(--ink);
  color: #ffffff;
  border-color: var(--ink);
}

/* =========================================================
   EDITORIAL FIGURES & IMAGES: EXACT WIDTH OF THE TEXT COLUMN
   ========================================================= */
.editorial-image,
.hero-image,
.product-image {
  width: 100% !important;
  max-width: 100% !important;
  margin: 36px 0 32px 0 !important;
  padding: 0;
  text-align: left;
}

.editorial-image img {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  display: block;
  background: #f7f6f2;
  border: 1px solid #eee8dc;
  border-radius: 0; /* Vogue style sharp crisp images */
}

.image-caption {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.74rem;
  line-height: 1.45;
  color: var(--muted);
  margin-top: 9px;
  padding-left: 2px;
  text-align: left; /* STRICT LEFT ALIGNMENT */
}

/* =========================================================
   ARTICLE BODY TYPOGRAPHY (ALL LEFT ALIGNED)
   ========================================================= */
.article-shell p {
  margin: 0 0 1.35em 0;
  color: var(--ink-secondary);
  font-family: var(--serif-body);
  font-size: 1.16rem;
  line-height: 1.74;
  text-align: left; /* STRICT LEFT ALIGNMENT */
}

.article-shell strong {
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--ink);
}

/* Drop cap on opening paragraph */
.article-shell > p:first-of-type::first-letter {
  float: left;
  font-family: var(--serif-display);
  font-size: 4.8rem;
  line-height: 0.82;
  padding-top: 4px;
  padding-right: 12px;
  padding-bottom: 2px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-weight: 400;
}

.compact-line {
  margin-top: 0 !important;
  margin-bottom: 0.35em !important;
  line-height: 1.55 !important;
}

.paragraph-spacing-top {
  margin-top: 1.4em !important;
}

.standout-line {
  font-size: 1.25rem !important;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--ink) !important;
  line-height: 1.5 !important;
  margin: 1.5em 0 !important;
}

/* Headings (Strictly Left Aligned) */
.section-title {
  margin: 3.4rem 0 1.2rem 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--serif-display);
  font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 3.2vw, 2.3rem);
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.16;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  text-align: left; /* STRICT LEFT ALIGNMENT */
}

.impact-title {
  margin: 2.4rem 0 1.5rem 0;
  padding-left: 18px;
  border-left: 2.5px solid var(--ink);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--serif-display);
  font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 2.6vw, 1.95rem);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-style: italic;
  line-height: 1.25;
  letter-spacing: -0.015em;
  text-align: left; /* STRICT LEFT ALIGNMENT */
}

.quote-statement {
  margin: 1.6rem 0 1.2rem 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--serif-display);
  font-size: 1.32rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.35;
  text-align: left; /* STRICT LEFT ALIGNMENT */
}

.article-shell h2 {
  margin: 2.4rem 0 0.8rem 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--serif-display);
  font-size: 1.48rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.25;
  text-align: left; /* STRICT LEFT ALIGNMENT */
}

.product-name {
  margin: 1.6rem 0 0.8rem 0 !important;
  color: var(--ink) !important;
  font-family: var(--serif-display) !important;
  font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 2.8vw, 1.95rem) !important;
  font-weight: 600 !important;
  line-height: 1.18 !important;
  text-align: left !important;
}

blockquote {
  margin: 2.2rem 0;
  padding: 6px 0 6px 20px;
  border-left: 2px solid var(--ink);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--serif-body);
  font-size: 1.18rem;
  font-style: italic;
  text-align: left; /* STRICT LEFT ALIGNMENT */
}

blockquote p {
  margin: 0 !important;
  font-size: inherit !important;
  line-height: 1.6 !important;
}

hr {
  height: 1px;
  margin: 3.5rem 0 !important;
  border: 0;
  background: var(--line);
}

hr.sub-rule {
  margin: 2rem 0 !important;
  background: var(--line-light);
}

.source-link {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.88em;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: #b5b5b5;
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
  transition: text-decoration-color 140ms ease;
}

.source-link:hover {
  text-decoration-color: var(--ink);
}

/* Routine Flow Block */
.routine-flow-block {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px;
  margin: 20px 0 24px 0;
  padding: 16px 20px;
  background: #f6f8fc;
  border: 1px solid #dbe3ee;
}

.routine-step-item {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.routine-step-item.highlight-step {
  background: var(--ink);
  color: #ffffff;
  padding: 4px 10px;
  border-radius: 2px;
}

.routine-arrow-item {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-weight: 700;
}

/* =========================================================
   EDITORIAL PRODUCT RECOMMENDATION BOX
   ========================================================= */
.editorial-product-card {
  margin: 48px 0 0 0;
  padding: 34px 30px;
  background: #f6f8fc;
  border: 1px solid #dbe3ee;
  text-align: left; /* STRICT LEFT ALIGNMENT */
}

.product-card-kicker {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.2em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--gold);
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.product-card-title {
  font-family: var(--serif-display);
  font-size: clamp(1.45rem, 2.5vw, 1.85rem);
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.2;
  margin: 0 0 10px 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  text-align: left;
}

.product-card-meta {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 14px;
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.product-card-volume {
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.product-card-rating {
  color: var(--gold);
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
}

.product-card-desc {
  font-family: var(--serif-body);
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--ink-secondary);
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.product-card-action {
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.native-button {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 12px;
  background: var(--ink);
  color: #ffffff !important;
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-decoration: none !important;
  padding: 14px 26px;
  border-radius: 2px;
  transition: all 160ms ease;
}

.native-button:hover {
  background: #182846;
  transform: translateY(-1px);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(11, 21, 40, 0.2);
}

.native-button svg {
  transition: transform 140ms ease;
}

.native-button:hover svg {
  transform: translateX(3px);
}

.affiliate-disclosure {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.74rem !important;
  color: var(--muted) !important;
  line-height: 1.45 !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
}

/* =========================================================
   REFINED MINIMALIST FOOTER
   ========================================================= */
.site-footer {
  width: 100%;
  background: #ffffff;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--ink);
  padding: 50px 24px 56px;
  text-align: center;
}

.footer-inner {
  max-width: var(--article-width);
  margin: 0 auto;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 22px;
}

.footer-brand-wrap {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  border: 0;
}

.footer-brand {
  font-family: var(--serif-display);
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 3.5vw, 2.6rem);
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.25em;
  color: var(--ink);
  text-decoration: none;
  display: inline-block;
  transform: translateX(0.12em);
  transition: opacity 160ms ease;
}

.footer-brand:hover {
  opacity: 0.85;
}

.footer-simple-nav {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 16px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.footer-simple-nav a {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color 140ms ease;
}

.footer-simple-nav a:hover {
  color: var(--ink);
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.footer-nav-dot {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
}

.footer-bottom {
  padding-top: 14px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line-light);
  width: 100%;
}

.copyright {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  line-height: 1.5;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  margin: 0;
}

/* =========================================================
   RESPONSIVE DESIGN (MOBILE-FIRST POLISH)
   ========================================================= */
@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .header-inner {
    padding: 20px 20px;
  }
  .article-shell {
    padding: 32px 18px 72px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 640px) {
  .header-inner {
    padding: 16px 16px;
  }
  .brand {
    font-size: 1.9rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.2em;
  }
  .hero-title {
    font-size: 2.15rem;
    line-height: 1.12;
  }
  .hero-deck {
    font-size: 1.12rem;
  }
  .article-shell p {
    font-size: 1.08rem;
  }
  .editorial-product-card {
    padding: 24px 18px;
  }
  .native-button {
    width: 100%;
    justify-content: center;
    padding: 14px 16px;
  }
  .footer-simple-nav {
    gap: 12px;
  }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html {
    scroll-behavior: auto;
  }
  .reading-progress span,
  .native-button {
    transition: none;
  }
}

/* Author portrait */
.meta-author-row {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.author-avatar {
  width: 38px;
  height: 38px;
  flex: 0 0 38px;
  margin-right: 10px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: 50% 34%;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
}
@media (max-width: 560px) {
  .author-avatar {
    width: 34px;
    height: 34px;
    flex-basis: 34px;
    margin-right: 9px;
  }
}